Spring Boot整合Nacos与Gateway实现前后端分离微服务

架构选择nacos作为服务注册，GateWay作为网关两者都是ali。那nacos咱们都知道可作为配置中心来使用且可动态，那做一个动态路由我觉得还是有些必要性的，不至于每次增加路由都要重新部署服务。

Spring Boot整合Gateway与阿里系微服务集成Maven配置如下:

xsi:schemaLocation=”http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd”>

4.0.0

org.springframework.boot

spring-boot-starter-parent

2.3.4.RELEASE

com.bins.springboot.java

gongfu

0.0.1

gongfu

Demo project for Spring Boot

1.8

Greenwich.SR3

org.springframework.boot

spring-boot-starter-test

test

org.springframework.cloud

spring-cloud-starter-gateway

org.springframework.cloud

spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery

org.springframework.cloud

spring-cloud-dependencies

${spring-cloud.version}

pom

import

org.springframework.cloud

spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies

0.2.2.RELEASE

pom

import

org.springframework.boot

spring-boot-maven-plugin

一、代码整合

@Data

@Component

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = “broad.dynamic.route”)//yml配置信息，下文给出

@ConditionalOnBean(DynamicRouteConfiguration.class)

public class DynamicRouteProperties {

/**

* nacos 配置管理 dataId

*/

private String dataId;

/**

* nacos 配置管理 group

*/

private String group;

/**

* nacos 服务地址

*/

private String ipAddr;

/**

* 启动动态路由的标志，默认关闭

*/

private boolean enabled = false;

}

DynamicRouteConfiguration：

@Configuration

@ConditionalOnProperty(name = “broad.dynamic.route.enabled”, matchIfMissing = true)

public class DynamicRouteConfiguration implements ApplicationEventPublisherAware {

Logger log= LoggerFactory.getLogger(DynamicRouteConfiguration.class);

//namespace名称

private final static String NAMESPACE=”8359a8d9-03ab-4574-9627-9456351c0c01″;

//nacos账号密码

private final static String USERNAME_PASSWORD=”nacos”;

//截取字符

private final static String REPLACE=”routes:”;

private DynamicRouteProperties bean;

private RouteDefinitionWriter writer;

private ApplicationEventPublisher publisher;

public DynamicRouteConfiguration(DynamicRouteProperties bean, RouteDefinitionWriter writer, ApplicationEventPublisher publisher) {

this.bean = bean;

this.writer = writer;

this.publisher = publisher;

}

@PostConstruct

private void init() {

Assert.notNull(bean.getDataId(), “broad.dynamic.route.dataId null异常”);

Assert.notNull(bean.getGroup(), “broad.dynamic.route.group is null异常”);

Assert.notNull(bean.getIpAddr(), “broad.dynamic.route.ipAddr is null异常”);

dynamicRouteByNacosListener();

}

private void dynamicRouteByNacosListener() {

try {

Properties properties = new Properties();

properties.put(PropertyKeyConst.NAMESPACE, NAMESPACE);

properties.put(PropertyKeyConst.SERVER_ADDR, bean.getIpAddr());

properties.put(“username”,USERNAME_PASSWORD);

properties.put(“password”,USERNAME_PASSWORD);

ConfigService configService = NacosFactory.createConfigService(properties);

String content = configService.getConfigAndSignListener(

bean.getDataId(),

bean.getGroup(),

5000,

new AbstractListener() {

@Override

public void receiveConfigInfo(String configInfo) {

updateConfig(configInfo);

}

});

updateConfig(content);

} catch (NacosException e) {

log.error(“nacos 获取动态路由配置和监听异常”, e);

}

}

private void updateConfig(String content) {

String contentReally=replaceContext(content);

log.info(“nacos 动态路由更新： {}”, contentReally);

try {

getRouteDefinitions(contentReally).forEach(routeDefinition -> {

log.info(“动态路由配置: {}”, routeDefinition);

writer.delete(Mono.just(routeDefinition.getId()));

writer.save(Mono.just(routeDefinition)).subscribe();

publisher.publishEvent(new RefreshRoutesEvent(this));

});

} catch (Exception e) {

log.error(“更新动态路由配置异常: “, e);

}

}

/**

* 因在nacos配置路由携带 spring前缀，会导致yaml解析失败，因此需截取

* @return

*/

private String replaceContext(String content){

String contentDelete=content.replaceAll(“\r|\n”, “”).substring(0, content.indexOf(REPLACE)+1);

String contentReally=content.substring(contentDelete.length()+7, content.length());

return contentReally;

}

/**

* yaml转换

* @param content

* @return

*/

private List getRouteDefinitions(String content) {

return JSON.parseArray(JSON.toJSONString(

YamlHelper.getInstance().load(content)

), RouteDefinition.class);

}

@Override

public void setApplicationEventPublisher(ApplicationEventPublisher applicationEventPublisher) {

this.publisher = applicationEventPublisher;

}

}

二、配置文件参数

server:

port: 8085

spring:

application:

name:gongfu

cloud:

nacos:

discovery:

server-addr: localhost:8848

gateway:

routes:

– id: apiconsumer 路由 ID（不是网关ID），保持唯一

目标服务地址 （加 lb 根据注册中心服务名匹配）

uri: lb://provider1

predicates:

路由条件，Predicate 接受一个输入参数，返回一个布尔值结果。该接口包含多种默认方法来将 Predicate 组合成其他复杂的逻辑（比如：与，或，非）

– Path=/provider/**

必须加上StripPrefix=1，否则访问服务时会带上provider

filters:

– StripPrefix=1

discovery:

locator:

enabled: true 表明gateway开启服务注册和发现的功能，并且spring cloud gateway自动根据服务发现为每一个服务创建了一个router，这个router将以服务名开头的请求路径转发到对应的服务

lower-case-service-id: true 是将请求路径上的服务名配置为小写（因为服务注册的时候，向注册中心注册时将服务名转成大写的了

三、启动类

启动类增加@EnableDiscoverClient

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@EnableDiscoveryClient

@SpringBootApplication

public class GongfuApplication {

public static void main(String[] args) {

SpringApplication.run(GongfuApplication.class, args);

}

}

四、前后端分离解决跨域问题

(1)利用nginx反向代理，解决跨域问题

所有的请求都通过nginx，让 nginx 来区别请求是发送到前端还是网关。发送到网关的请求，让网关转发到相应的微服务。

(2)添加响应头

因为所有的请求都会经过 gateway 网关，在请求响应的过程中，经 gateway 网关给请求添加响应头，解决跨域问题。

@Configuration

public class GongfuCorsConfiguration {

@Bean

public CorsWebFilter corsWebFilter() {

UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource ubcs = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource();

// 对于任意路径(/**)都要配置跨域

CorsConfiguration corsConfiguration = new CorsConfiguration();

// 配置跨域

corsConfiguration.addAllowedHeader(“*”); // Access-Control-Expose-Headers

corsConfiguration.addAllowedMethod(“*”); // Access-Control-Allow-Methods

corsConfiguration.addAllowedOriginPattern(“*”); // Access-Control-Allow-origin

corsConfiguration.setAllowCredentials(true); // Access-Control-Allow-Credentials

ubcs.registerCorsConfiguration(“/**”, corsConfiguration);

return new CorsWebFilter(ubcs);

}

}

这样就解决了Gateway+Nacos前后端分离中的问题了。

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